Atividades Profissionais do Especialista (APEs) para o programa de residência médica em oftalmologia: construindo pontes no processo avaliativo

Abstract

Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) are an excellent evaluative tool within the different scenarios and activities in academic teaching. As they are units of professional practice that make up the daily work of clinicians, EPAs represent clear goals to be achieved during medical residency. The objective of this research was to present a proposal for the elaboration and validation of clinical/surgical APEs in the context of medical residency in Ophthalmology at the Health Department of the Federal District (SES-DF). Based on the Skills Matrix for the Medical Residency Program in Ophthalmology, six EPAs were created, two related to basic skills (involving mastering anamnesis and ophthalmological physical examination) and four abilities at a basic surgical level: treatment of small corneal-conjunctival lesions, treatment of horizontal strabismus, treatment of der-matochalasis, trabeculectomy, and facectomy. Ten medical residency preceptors in Ophthalmology external to SES-DF participated in the pilot test and 12 medical residency preceptors in Ophthalmology from SES-DF were part of the sample group in the process of validation and participatory and democratic construction of the EPAs. Opinions were collected through an online questionnaire. After the validation stage, the preceptors were invited to participate in a workshop for updating and deepening the Matrix of Competencies in Ophthalmology, the development principles, and the purposes of EPAs, in addition to other evaluative instruments in the context of medical residency. The EPAs developed can collaborate to improve the pedagogical project of medical residency in Ophthalmology, being an objective tool for measuring learning and providing feedback to students.