Idosos vítimas de trauma internados na unidade de terapia intensiva e relação entre idade, comorbidades, complicações e desfechos clínicos: um estudo retrospectivo analítico

Abstract

Introduction: With the population aging, trauma in the elderly has increased significantly, generating physical, psychological and financial consequences. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the main complications and clinical outcome of elderly trauma victims admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a public hospital in Distrito Federal. Methodology: Analytic retrospective study with a quantitative approach, in which data collection was performed in the ICU of the Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal (HBDF) the Secretary of State of Health of Distrito Federal (SES/DF) in the period April to October 2014. Sociodemographic information, related to the mechanism of injury, associated comorbidities, length of stay, use of invasive devices, vasoactive drugs and sedatives, complications and clinical outcomes of elderly patients hospitalized for traumatic causes between July 2012 and July 2014 were collected through electronic medical record TRACKCARE®. Results: The sample consisted of 91 elderly, with a prevalence of male and fall, as the mechanism of injury. The main complications were pulmonary infection, tracheostomy due to prolonged intubation or extubation failure, septic shock, blood transfusion and acute renal failure, mostly in need of dialysis support. Most elderly people survived the traumatic event, however there was a high mortality rate, which was associated with males, external causes, the severity of trauma and the complications experienced during the ICU stay, especially septic shock pulmonary focus and dialysis. Conclusion: Further research relating to admission to the high complexity in order to better assist the elderly injured, valuing their physiological characteristics to better coping with trauma, better prognosis and longer survival, become indispensable.