Tecnologia educativa para enfermeiros sobre prevenção e tratamento de lesão por pressão: evidências de validade

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pressure ulcer (PU) is considered a preventable adverse event and is an indicator of the quality of care provided in health services. It is the most notified adverse event in the Ministry of Health/Anvisa ranking by the last 2020-2021 report. Technological innovations in health are growing in the global market with digital culture (booklets, protocols, films, software, e-books, among others), but in relation to LP there are still few validated instruments. an important strategy to improve actions in the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries, complementing the traditional educational efforts of the Nursing team. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate educational technology for the prevention and treatment of patients with pressure ulcers. METHODS: This is a methodological research aimed at investigating methods for collecting and organizing data. In the elaboration phase, a literature review was carried out and the illustrations, layout, design and texts of the educational technology were elaborated. The validation phase comprises two subphases: in the first, validation was carried out with expert judges, between November 2020 and August 2022; and in the second phase, with a target audience, carried out between September and October 2022.RESULTS:The results were organized in the format of articles. In article 1, a review was carried out to identify studies organized into two thematic approaches: 1) health technology for the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries, and 2) health technology for professional qualification/training. Technological tools that use virtual simulation, information folders, as well as specifications on which context favors the appearance of the type of pressure injury and the context that favors the appearance of the type of injury were presented. 15 expert-judges participated in the development, all of them working in care and in the workplace with a high incidence and prevalence of pressure injuries. All items had ICV above 70%, ranging (73.3%-100%) and the Kappa coefficient varied (0.722 to 1.000). Thus, the material was considered valid. Article 3, 70 judges participated, target audience, with experience in pressure injury prevention and treatment. The educational technology was validated with excellent content, appearance and applicability indices, with a global CI of 0.99, with no significantly discordant items (p>0.05), and good reliability (0.768). CONCLUSION: This study identified different aspects related to the application of health technology used in the prevention and care and treatment of pressure injuries in individuals. It was emphasized that the work process in health needs constant investments, security and innovation through the use of educational technology to assist nurses in making decisions efficiently and effectively during the management of prevention and treatment of PI. The evidence of validity identified, whether in content, appearance and applicability, was satisfactory, reaffirming validation studies with the target audience, classifying it as an educational support tool for nursing professionals in the development of care with quality and safety.