O uso das tecnologias a laser no tratamento do carcinoma basocelular como substituto à cirurgia convencional

Abstract

Introduction: Skin cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in the world population. The incidence has been increasing every year around the world. Laser therapy in the treatment of skin cancer has been significantly expanded, always in the search for more efficient therapeutic options. Current prospective studies show promising results in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma located on the trunk and limbs using the long- pulse 1064nm Nd:YAG Laser. Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of treating basal cell carcinomas with Laser therapy, considering the histopathological results and iconographic records, comparing with the results observed in conventional surgery. Methods: Retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study, where 2 groups of patients were compared; G1: 24 patients unden/vent conventional surgery and G2: 27 patients unden/vent laser therapy with long-pulse Nd:YAG 1064nm. Clinical and photographic records occurred after 15, 30, 60 and 90 days in groups G1 and G2. ln G2, histopathological control was carried out 3 months after laser therapy. The Vancouver scale and POSAS were used to assess the degree of satisfaction of study participants. Study was approved by the institution's ethics and research committee. Results: All patients treated with the 1064nm Nd:YAG Laser showed clinical and histological cure in just 1 session, using a 6mm spot, fluence of 100-120J/cm2, pulse duration of 10ms, data similar to the results of patients who underwent conventional surgery. The safety of laser surgery was demonstrated by the low occurrence of adverse effects after the first week. The scars resulting between conventional surgery and laser therapy in the evaluation of the degree of satisfaction had an appearance close to normal skin. Conclusion: The results of this study can support randomized and controlled clinical trials for the use of laser therapy in patients with various skin tumors on the trunk and limbs, avoiding longer surgical times than conventional surgery, and a shorter return for the patient to their usual activities.